Structural composition of solar panels
Solar panel is a device that directly or indirectly converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect by absorbing sunlight. The main material of most solar panels is “silicon”.
Structure and composition
1) Tempered glass
Its function is to protect the main body of power generation (such as cell), and the selection of light transmission is required:
1. The light transmittance must be high (generally above 91%);
2. Ultra-white tempered treatment
2) EVA
Used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of power generation (such as cell). The quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the module. The EVA exposed to the air is easy to age and yellow, which affects the light transmittance of the module, thereby affecting In addition to the quality of EVA itself, the power generation quality of the module is also very affected by the lamination process of the module manufacturer. Component life.
3) Cells
The main function is to generate electricity. The mainstream in the main power generation market is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin-film solar cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Crystal silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs, but the consumption and cell costs are high, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also high, which is more suitable for power generation under outdoor sunlight; thin-film solar cells have relatively high equipment costs, but consume and battery The cost is very low, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of the crystalline silicon cell, but the low light effect is very good, and it can generate electricity under ordinary light, such as the solar cell on the calculator.
4) Backplane
Used for sealing, insulation, and waterproofing (usually TPT, TPE and other materials must be resistant to aging. Most component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty. Tempered glass and aluminum alloy are generally okay. The key is whether the backplane and silica gel can achieve Require.)
5) Aluminum alloy protective laminate
Play a certain sealing and supporting role
6) Junction box
It protects the entire power generation system and acts as a current transfer station. If the component is short-circuited, the junction box will automatically disconnect the short-circuit battery string to prevent the entire system from being burned. The most important thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes. Depending on the type of cell in the assembly, the corresponding diodes are also different.
7) Silica gel
Used to seal the junction between the component and the aluminum alloy frame, the component and the junction box. Some companies use double-sided tape and foam instead of silica gel. The domestic use of silica gel is simple, convenient and easy to operate, and the cost is very low.
